Experiencing a late or irregular period can be concerning, but it’s often a common issue with various potential causes. Understanding these causes can help you determine when to seek medical advice and how to manage your menstrual health effectively.
Common Causes of Late or Irregular Periods
- Pregnancy
A missed period is often the first sign of pregnancy. If you’ve had unprotected sex, consider taking a home pregnancy test or consulting a healthcare provider. - Stress
High stress levels can disrupt the hypothalamus, the part of the brain responsible for regulating your menstrual cycle. This disruption can lead to delayed or missed periods. - Significant Weight Changes
Both rapid weight loss and weight gain can affect hormone levels, leading to irregular periods. Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also be influenced by weight changes. - Hormonal Birth Control
Starting or stopping hormonal birth control methods can cause temporary changes in your menstrual cycle. Some methods may lead to lighter periods or missed periods altogether. - Thyroid Disorders
Both hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can lead to menstrual irregularities. The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and hormone production. - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a common condition where hormonal imbalances can prevent regular ovulation, leading to irregular or missed periods. - Perimenopause
As women approach menopause, hormonal fluctuations can cause periods to become irregular. This phase typically begins in the 40s and can last several years. - Chronic Illnesses
Conditions like diabetes, celiac disease, and Asherman’s syndrome can affect menstrual cycles. It’s important to manage these conditions under the guidance of a healthcare provider. - Medications
Certain medications, including antipsychotics and anti-epileptics, can interfere with menstrual cycles. Always discuss potential side effects with your doctor. - Adolescence and Early Adulthood
It’s normal for menstrual cycles to be irregular during the first few years after menstruation begins. As the body adjusts, cycles often become more regular.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Consult a healthcare provider if:
- Your period is more than 35 days late.
- You miss three consecutive periods.
- Your periods are consistently irregular.
- You experience symptoms like excessive hair growth, weight gain, or fatigue.(Nebraska Medicine)
Tips for Managing Irregular Periods
- Track Your Cycle: Use a calendar or app to monitor your menstrual cycle and identify patterns.
- Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help regulate hormones.
- Manage Stress: Incorporate relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation into your routine.
- Consult a Healthcare Provider: If irregularities persist, seek professional advice for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.(Clue)